What are the wiring methods of shunt resistor? Comprehensive analysis and application guide

In electronic circuit design, shuntingresistanceIt is a common component for measuring current. By connecting different shunt resistors in series or parallel in the circuit, precise measurement and control of current can be achieved. Understanding how shunt resistors are wired is especially important for electronic engineers and technicians. This article will introduce in detail several common wiring methods of shunt resistors to help you better apply these technologies and improve circuit stability and measurement accuracy.

Series connection is the most basic wiring method for shunt resistors. The shunt resistor is directly connected in series with the load circuit, and a voltage drop occurs when the current passes through the shunt resistor. By measuring the voltage across the shunt resistor, the current can be calculated. This method has a simple structure and is suitable for low current measurement, but attention should be paid to the power loss of the shunt resistor itself and its impact on the circuit.

Parallel wiring is less commonly used for traditional shunt resistor current measurements, but is used in some special applications. By connecting multiple shunt resistors in parallel, the total resistance value can be reduced to meet the needs of high current measurements. Parallel shunt resistors need to ensure that the resistance values ​​of each resistor are consistent, otherwise uneven current distribution will occur, affecting measurement accuracy.

Differential wiring is often used to eliminate common-mode interference and improve measurement accuracy. The voltage signal at both ends of the shunt resistor is amplified by a differential amplifier, which can effectively suppress power supply noise and interference signals. This method is suitable for current measurement in complex electromagnetic environments in industrial environments.

The four-wire wiring method is also called Kelvin wiring, which is a high-precision wiring method in shunt resistance measurement. By using two wires to supply power and measure the voltage, the influence of wire resistance on the measurement results can be eliminated and the measurement accuracy can be greatly improved. This method is often used in high-precision current measurement and calibration situations.

A differential amplifier is connected to both ends of the shunt resistor, which can amplify the tiny voltage signal of the shunt resistor to a level that is easy to process. The differential amplifier can effectively resist common mode noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal. This wiring method is widely used in precision measurement and data acquisition systems.

Multi-point shunt wiring refers to arranging multiple shunt resistors in the same circuit to measure different branch currents respectively. Through reasonable wiring and signal collection, branch current monitoring of complex circuits can be achieved. Multi-point shunt wiring is suitable for battery management systems and multi-channel current monitoring situations.

In high current applications, the power of a single shunt resistor may be too much to handle. At this time, multiple shunt resistors can be connected in parallel to form a shunt to share the current and power load. When wiring, ensure that the resistance and power of each resistor match to avoid measurement errors caused by uneven resistance.

There are various wiring methods for shunt resistors, and choosing the appropriate wiring method is crucial to the accuracy of current measurement and the stability of the circuit. Series wiring is simple and practical and suitable for general measurement needs; four-wire wiring and differential wiring are suitable for high-precision measurement; parallel and multi-point wiring are suitable for high current and multi-branch monitoring. Understanding and mastering these wiring methods can help engineers design more reliable and accurate current measurement systems, thereby improving overall circuit performance and application effects. I hope this article will help you understand the wiring methods of shunt resistors and help your electronic design work go smoothly.