Explanation of voltage dividing and shunting of resistors

Electronic circuit design and analysis,resistancePartial pressure and shunt are two basic and important concepts. Whether it is simple circuit adjustment or complex electronic equipment design, understanding the voltage dividing and shunting principle of resistors can help us better control the current and voltage and ensure the stable operation of the circuit. This article will explain in detail the voltage division and current shunting of resistors to help readers fully grasp the relevant knowledge.

1. Basic concepts of resistance

Resistor is an element in electronic components used to limit the size of current. Its unit is ohm (Ω). According to Ohm's law, the voltage across a resistor is proportional to the current passing through it, and the formula is V=IR. The size of the resistor determines the size of the current and is also the basis for voltage and current division.

2. What is partial pressure?

Voltage division refers to the phenomenon that when multiple resistors are connected in series, the total voltage is distributed on each resistor in proportion to the resistance value. The total resistance of the series resistors is equal to the sum of each resistance, and the current is equal, so the voltage on each resistor is Vn=I×Rn, that is, the voltage is proportional to the resistance.

3. Calculation method of voltage divider circuit

In the voltage divider circuit, if the total voltage and each resistance value are known, the voltage on each resistor can be calculated by the formula: Vn = (Rn/∑R) × Vtotal. where ΣR is the sum of all series resistances. Voltage divider circuits are widely used to regulate voltage, distribute signals, etc.

4. What is diversion?

Shunting refers to the phenomenon that when multiple resistors are connected in parallel, the total current is distributed among each resistor in proportion to the reciprocal of the resistance value. The total resistance of parallel resistors is less than any single resistor and the voltages are equal, so the current of each resistor is In=V/Rn.

5. Calculation method of shunt circuit

In the shunt circuit, the total voltage and each resistance value are known, and the current of each resistor can be calculated by the formula: In=Vtotal/Rn. The total current is the sum of the currents of each resistor, that is, I total = ∑In. Shunt circuits are often used to distribute current, protect circuits, etc.

6. Practical application of pressure division and flow division

Voltage division and current shunting are widely used in electronic products. For example, voltage dividers are used for sensor signal conditioning, currentshuntUsed to measure current, the principle of resistor voltage division and shunting is also used in power supply design, amplifier circuits and filter circuits.

7. Things to note and misunderstandings

When designing a voltage divider and shunt circuit, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the resistor power meets the requirements to avoid overheating damage. At the same time, when connected in series, the current is equal, and the voltage is distributed according to the proportion of resistance; when connected in parallel, the voltage is equal, and the current is distributed according to the reciprocal proportion of resistance. Confusing these two points can easily lead to calculation errors.

8. How to choose the appropriate resistor

Select the resistor value and power level according to the voltage dividing and current requirements. If the resistance is too large or too small, the circuit performance will be affected, and if the power is insufficient, the resistor may be burned. Reasonable selection of resistors can help improve circuit stability and safety.

The voltage division and shunting of resistors are basic knowledge in electronic circuits. Voltage distribution is achieved through series connection, and current distribution is achieved through parallel connection. Mastering the principles and calculation methods of voltage and current division will help you design a more reasonable and stable circuit. Whether you are a beginner or a professional engineer, an in-depth understanding of resistor voltage and current division is an important step in improving your electronics technology. I hope the explanation in this article can help you better grasp this key knowledge point.